How do you choose Sizuolou? Old-tree sources, grafting and inspection

This is an English reading overview of the Chinese article, rather than a complete translation. The Chinese source has been updated since this overview was prepared; consult the original for the latest details.

The central idea

A traditional lion’s-head direction associated with Pinggu in Beijing. Present pairs sold under the name vary in source, texture and foundation. The brand retains selected naturally shaped mature-tree grafted examples after inspection. Judge the actual pair rather than a prestigious name alone. Sizuolou is a traditional lion’s-head direction associated with Pinggu, Beijing. The article cites trade accounts about the original tree and explains that current examples commonly come from later grafting and propagation. Treat historical tree accounts as attributed information. Judge present pairs by source, ridge character, natural shape and shell foundation rather than claims of pedigree.